llama.cpp/llama.h
xaedes e32089b2c2
train : improved training-from-scratch example (#1652)
* add python wrapper

https://gist.github.com/abetlen/2b90e5f153f6efd00931d098de5c73ce

* fix decoding error. adds errors=ignore parameter

* add python bindings for functions to get and set the whole llama state
(rng, logits, embedding and kv_cache)

* update python bindings

* add text generating baby-llama from scratch example

* fix race condition bug in ggml_compute_forward_diag_mask_f32

* implement ggml_soft_max_back for more performant backward pass of soft_max

avoids creating big intermediate matrices of size n_embd x n_embd for llama layers and n_vocab x n_vocab for cross entropy loss

* improve softmax backward pass

go from quadratic runtime to linear runtime by simplifying the formulas

* fix race condition bug in non-inplace ggml_compute_forward_diag_mask_f32

memcpy needs to be synchronized across threads to avoid race conditions.
=> do it in INIT phase

* fix bug in ggml_compute_forward_soft_max_back_f32 on DEBUG build

* improve performance of mul_mat backward pass

avoid transpose by using mul_mat with swapped arguments

* avoid printing too much newlines in baby-llama-text

* activate threading in baby-llama-text

* add ggml_out_prod and use it for mul_mat backward pass for improved performance

performance stats report improvement from 37 seconds to 16 seconds runtime during my training tests

* better weight initialization improves training convergence at start

* better weight initialization improves training convergence at start

* improve ggml_out_prod performance

- change iteration order (>15s -> 10s runtime)
- parallelize over one more dimension: over dst matrix rows (10s -> <5s runtime)

* add llama sampler, shuffle samples and constrain sampling to tokens occurring in train data

* fix get_samples call, add model tensor names, increase model size, start training samples after newline

* save train trained model to checkpoint and load model to be trained from checkpoint

* use inplace functions where possible

* initialize rng with srand

* use different arguments for input and output checkpoint

* ggml fixes to support backward pass on inplace operations

* remove duplicate include

* fix cross entropy loss

- add target probabilities for each sample which is then used in cross entropy loss

* print used memory before and after optimization

* sample with non-greedy sampling parameters at the end of training

* add cmake target for baby-llama-text

* add ggml_add1_inplace to header

* enable gradient propagation for inplace add1 and scale operations

those functions backward passes don't need the original src0, so they also work when forward is inplace

* implement AdamW in ggml_opt_adam by adding weight decay parameter (default 0.001f)

also add a schedule parameter (default 1.0f) that can be used to scale alpha and decay according to learning schedule.
setting the decay parameter to zero disables AdamW resulting in normal Adam optimizer.

since the difference between Adam and AdamW is minimal it is not implemented as another optimizer, but integrated into the existing Adam optimizer.

* use inplace operations in cross_entropy_loss

* fix random weight initialization scale

* add missing default parameters for adam optimizer

* add ggml_opt_context, so that we can properly resume training

otherwise the optimizer states, tracking statistics about the error function and its derivates,
will reset to zero each time ggml_opt is called, hindering convergence on resumed training.

now the optimizer context and all its memory is stored in a separate struct.

* fix bug in llama_sample_token_mirostat_v2

when all candidates are filtered out through mu threshold, the following soft_max operation will fail.
so keep at least one.

* add forward function without using cache, for more performant training

during training on whole samples no cache is required.
removing the cache and simplifying the remaining code results in performance and memory usage improvement.

* print suppressed newline tokens as string "\n"

printing too much actual newlines is suppressed to avoid flooding the console.

* store optimizer state in training checkpoint and add learning schedule

persistent optimizer state allows to resume training without resetting the optimizer
learning schedule consists of linear warmup ramp followed by cosine decay with restarts

* remove unused functions

* fix bug in get_samples which corrupted training targets

* save checkpoint only when it was trained

* simplify code

* remove trailing whitespace

* simplify backward pass for SQRT

* replace inefficient repeat backward pass with dedicated repeat_back operation

* add ggml_cross_entropy_loss with backward pass for faster training

cross entropy loss can also be implemented using softmax and log, but as dedicated operation it is faster and especially avoids unnecessary memory overhead.

* add tests for cross_entropy_loss backward pass

finite differences regularly results in estimated gradient of zero, despite the backward pass giving non zero gradient.
_probably_ the finite differences fails due to numerical issues

* use ggml_cross_entropy_loss in text training example

* remove trailing whitespace

* slightly improve how cross entropy loss is compute

btw: directly implemented cross entropy loss seems to have way lower magnitudes than when implemented with softmax and log.
probably the input to log gets closer to zero due to float numerics.
maybe the multiplication by (1.0-eps)/sum is more accurate..

* add llama_get_vocab to get the vocabulary as output parameters

* set default model.type for unknown models with few layers

* add export of training checkpoint to llama compatible model file

* get vocabulary for exporting training checkpoint to llama compatible model file

* implement backward pass of flash attention

* bugfixes for backward pass of flash attention

* test flash attention backward pass

need to set loose error bounds to pass.
the finitie differences are close to numeric limits and often return quite different values than the backward pass.
reducing eps further lets the gradients vanish completely.
likewise setting eps to big results in wronger values.
the softmax in the middle of the function is probably the most responsible for the numeric issues using finite differences.

* add option to train with flash attention and move options to the top of the main function

training from scratch also works with flash attention
training convergence and generation results after fix number of iterations are worse than when not using flash attention.
maybe there still lingers a bug in the flash attention backward pass?
but training works, just with slower convergence.

flash attention is still worth to use, because it requires way less memory and is faster with high n_ctx

* add train_params and command line option parser

* remove unnecessary comments

* add train params to specify memory size

* remove python bindings

* rename baby-llama-text to train-text-from-scratch

* replace auto parameters in lambda function

* add #include <climits>

* add explicit cast to fix compile error

"error: non-constant-expression cannot be narrowed from type 'int64_t' (aka 'long long') to 'uint32_t' (aka 'unsigned int') in initializer list [-Wc++11-narrowing]"

* remove trailing whitespace

* add ggml_opt_resume_g which accepts forward and backward cgraphs

* fix formulas in comments

* bug fix for ggml_compute_forward_get_rows_back_f32

the result should be set to zero, not to whatever data is in opt0

* improve training memory usage with scratch buffers

instead of relying on the automatic backward pass, we manually create the graph for the backward pass.
it turns out that all backward pass operations need only temporary memory which can be reused after each layer.

will compute backward pass for ALL model parameters

* add option to use scratch buffers in training or not

make it configurable because currently training with scratch buffers implies flash attention and optimization over all parameters.

* ci : disable temporary

* store view offset and permute axes in opt[0] instead of storing it in padding

use memcpy to store offset, because offset is of type size_t.
when storing it as int32_t offset would have to be smaller than 2^31 which is not necessarily true.

* minor : fix compile warnings + minor style changes

* fix bug in threaded indices calculation of ggml_compute_forward_flash_attn_back_f32

* store view offset like in master branch

* bug fix in forward_batch_wo_cache_flash_attn_train

* scratch buffer bug fixes in forward_batch_wo_cache_flash_attn_train

data of permute and reshape is the same as their input.
if we want to preserve the output of permute/reshape, we also need to preserve their inputs.

replace reshape(src0, src1) with reshape_nd calls so that we don't need src1.

replace (temporary) t03 with ggml_repeat(ctx0, layer.attention_norm, t02).
in the future we could also use the new broadcasting ggml_mul to avoid these repeat calls.
for this we need backward pass of broadcasting ggml_mul.

* remove unnecessary scratch buffer 0

buf 0 is persistent memory, so we can just disable scratch for this by using buf -1

* avoid creating unnecessary grad tensors

previously we need to create grads for model parameters, so that expand(..) correctly populates cgraph->leafs & cgraph->grads
this wasted memory, because unnecessary grad for each op were automatically created:
the automatically generated grad was unnecessary because we later manually set the grad (e.g. t35->grad = expand(gb, ...) ).
this discarded the automatically generated grad resulting in wasted memory.

improved this by changing expand(..) to not use ggml_build_forward_expand.
expand set cgraph->nodes but not the leafs.
cgraph->leafs & cgraph->grads are set in another pass after the last expand call.

* print used training seed

* zero initialize gfbuf and gbbuf

* ci : re-enable workflows + add README for training

---------

Co-authored-by: Georgi Gerganov <ggerganov@gmail.com>
2023-06-13 22:04:40 +03:00

317 lines
16 KiB
C++

#ifndef LLAMA_H
#define LLAMA_H
#include "ggml.h"
#ifdef GGML_USE_CUBLAS
#include "ggml-cuda.h"
#define LLAMA_MAX_DEVICES GGML_CUDA_MAX_DEVICES
#else
#define LLAMA_MAX_DEVICES 1
#endif // GGML_USE_CUBLAS
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#ifdef LLAMA_SHARED
# if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
# ifdef LLAMA_BUILD
# define LLAMA_API __declspec(dllexport)
# else
# define LLAMA_API __declspec(dllimport)
# endif
# else
# define LLAMA_API __attribute__ ((visibility ("default")))
# endif
#else
# define LLAMA_API
#endif
#define LLAMA_FILE_MAGIC_GGJT 0x67676a74u // 'ggjt'
#define LLAMA_FILE_MAGIC_GGLA 0x67676c61u // 'ggla'
#define LLAMA_FILE_MAGIC_GGMF 0x67676d66u // 'ggmf'
#define LLAMA_FILE_MAGIC_GGML 0x67676d6cu // 'ggml'
#define LLAMA_FILE_MAGIC_GGSN 0x6767736eu // 'ggsn'
#define LLAMA_FILE_VERSION 3
#define LLAMA_FILE_MAGIC LLAMA_FILE_MAGIC_GGJT
#define LLAMA_FILE_MAGIC_UNVERSIONED LLAMA_FILE_MAGIC_GGML
#define LLAMA_SESSION_MAGIC LLAMA_FILE_MAGIC_GGSN
#define LLAMA_SESSION_VERSION 1
#if defined(GGML_USE_CUBLAS) || defined(GGML_USE_CLBLAST) || defined(GGML_USE_METAL)
// Defined when llama.cpp is compiled with support for offloading model layers to GPU.
#define LLAMA_SUPPORTS_GPU_OFFLOAD
#endif
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
//
// C interface
//
// TODO: show sample usage
//
struct llama_context;
typedef int llama_token;
typedef struct llama_token_data {
llama_token id; // token id
float logit; // log-odds of the token
float p; // probability of the token
} llama_token_data;
typedef struct llama_token_data_array {
llama_token_data * data;
size_t size;
bool sorted;
} llama_token_data_array;
typedef void (*llama_progress_callback)(float progress, void *ctx);
struct llama_context_params {
int n_ctx; // text context
int n_batch; // prompt processing batch size
int n_gpu_layers; // number of layers to store in VRAM
int main_gpu; // the GPU that is used for scratch and small tensors
float tensor_split[LLAMA_MAX_DEVICES]; // how to split layers across multiple GPUs
int seed; // RNG seed, -1 for random
bool f16_kv; // use fp16 for KV cache
bool logits_all; // the llama_eval() call computes all logits, not just the last one
bool vocab_only; // only load the vocabulary, no weights
bool use_mmap; // use mmap if possible
bool use_mlock; // force system to keep model in RAM
bool embedding; // embedding mode only
// called with a progress value between 0 and 1, pass NULL to disable
llama_progress_callback progress_callback;
// context pointer passed to the progress callback
void * progress_callback_user_data;
};
// model file types
enum llama_ftype {
LLAMA_FTYPE_ALL_F32 = 0,
LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_F16 = 1, // except 1d tensors
LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_Q4_0 = 2, // except 1d tensors
LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_Q4_1 = 3, // except 1d tensors
LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_Q4_1_SOME_F16 = 4, // tok_embeddings.weight and output.weight are F16
// LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_Q4_2 = 5, // support has been removed
// LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_Q4_3 = 6, // support has been removed
LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_Q8_0 = 7, // except 1d tensors
LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_Q5_0 = 8, // except 1d tensors
LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_Q5_1 = 9, // except 1d tensors
LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_Q2_K = 10,// except 1d tensors
LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_Q3_K_S = 11,// except 1d tensors
LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_Q3_K_M = 12,// except 1d tensors
LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_Q3_K_L = 13,// except 1d tensors
LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_Q4_K_S = 14,// except 1d tensors
LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_Q4_K_M = 15,// except 1d tensors
LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_Q5_K_S = 16,// except 1d tensors
LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_Q5_K_M = 17,// except 1d tensors
LLAMA_FTYPE_MOSTLY_Q6_K = 18,// except 1d tensors
};
// model quantization parameters
typedef struct llama_model_quantize_params {
int nthread; // number of threads to use for quantizing, if <=0 will use std::thread::hardware_concurrency()
enum llama_ftype ftype; // quantize to this llama_ftype
bool allow_requantize; // allow quantizing non-f32/f16 tensors
bool quantize_output_tensor; // quantize output.weight
} llama_model_quantize_params;
LLAMA_API struct llama_context_params llama_context_default_params();
LLAMA_API struct llama_model_quantize_params llama_model_quantize_default_params();
LLAMA_API bool llama_mmap_supported();
LLAMA_API bool llama_mlock_supported();
// TODO: not great API - very likely to change
// Initialize the llama + ggml backend
// Call once at the start of the program
LLAMA_API void llama_init_backend();
LLAMA_API int64_t llama_time_us();
// Various functions for loading a ggml llama model.
// Allocate (almost) all memory needed for the model.
// Return NULL on failure
LLAMA_API struct llama_context * llama_init_from_file(
const char * path_model,
struct llama_context_params params);
// Frees all allocated memory
LLAMA_API void llama_free(struct llama_context * ctx);
// Returns 0 on success
LLAMA_API int llama_model_quantize(
const char * fname_inp,
const char * fname_out,
const llama_model_quantize_params * params);
// Apply a LoRA adapter to a loaded model
// path_base_model is the path to a higher quality model to use as a base for
// the layers modified by the adapter. Can be NULL to use the current loaded model.
// The model needs to be reloaded before applying a new adapter, otherwise the adapter
// will be applied on top of the previous one
// Returns 0 on success
LLAMA_API int llama_apply_lora_from_file(
struct llama_context * ctx,
const char * path_lora,
const char * path_base_model,
int n_threads);
// Returns the number of tokens in the KV cache
LLAMA_API int llama_get_kv_cache_token_count(const struct llama_context * ctx);
// Sets the current rng seed.
LLAMA_API void llama_set_rng_seed(struct llama_context * ctx, int seed);
// Returns the maximum size in bytes of the state (rng, logits, embedding
// and kv_cache) - will often be smaller after compacting tokens
LLAMA_API size_t llama_get_state_size(const struct llama_context * ctx);
// Copies the state to the specified destination address.
// Destination needs to have allocated enough memory.
// Returns the number of bytes copied
LLAMA_API size_t llama_copy_state_data(struct llama_context * ctx, uint8_t * dst);
// Set the state reading from the specified address
// Returns the number of bytes read
LLAMA_API size_t llama_set_state_data(struct llama_context * ctx, uint8_t * src);
// Save/load session file
LLAMA_API bool llama_load_session_file(struct llama_context * ctx, const char * path_session, llama_token * tokens_out, size_t n_token_capacity, size_t * n_token_count_out);
LLAMA_API bool llama_save_session_file(struct llama_context * ctx, const char * path_session, const llama_token * tokens, size_t n_token_count);
// Run the llama inference to obtain the logits and probabilities for the next token.
// tokens + n_tokens is the provided batch of new tokens to process
// n_past is the number of tokens to use from previous eval calls
// Returns 0 on success
LLAMA_API int llama_eval(
struct llama_context * ctx,
const llama_token * tokens,
int n_tokens,
int n_past,
int n_threads);
// Export a static computation graph for context of 511 and batch size of 1
// NOTE: since this functionality is mostly for debugging and demonstration purposes, we hardcode these
// parameters here to keep things simple
// IMPORTANT: do not use for anything else other than debugging and testing!
LLAMA_API int llama_eval_export(struct llama_context * ctx, const char * fname);
// Convert the provided text into tokens.
// The tokens pointer must be large enough to hold the resulting tokens.
// Returns the number of tokens on success, no more than n_max_tokens
// Returns a negative number on failure - the number of tokens that would have been returned
// TODO: not sure if correct
LLAMA_API int llama_tokenize(
struct llama_context * ctx,
const char * text,
llama_token * tokens,
int n_max_tokens,
bool add_bos);
LLAMA_API int llama_n_vocab(const struct llama_context * ctx);
LLAMA_API int llama_n_ctx (const struct llama_context * ctx);
LLAMA_API int llama_n_embd (const struct llama_context * ctx);
// Get the vocabulary as output parameters.
// Returns number of results.
LLAMA_API int llama_get_vocab(
const struct llama_context * ctx,
const char * * strings,
float * scores,
int capacity);
// Token logits obtained from the last call to llama_eval()
// The logits for the last token are stored in the last row
// Can be mutated in order to change the probabilities of the next token
// Rows: n_tokens
// Cols: n_vocab
LLAMA_API float * llama_get_logits(struct llama_context * ctx);
// Get the embeddings for the input
// shape: [n_embd] (1-dimensional)
LLAMA_API float * llama_get_embeddings(struct llama_context * ctx);
// Token Id -> String. Uses the vocabulary in the provided context
LLAMA_API const char * llama_token_to_str(const struct llama_context * ctx, llama_token token);
// Special tokens
LLAMA_API llama_token llama_token_bos();
LLAMA_API llama_token llama_token_eos();
LLAMA_API llama_token llama_token_nl();
// Sampling functions
/// @details Repetition penalty described in CTRL academic paper https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.05858, with negative logit fix.
LLAMA_API void llama_sample_repetition_penalty(struct llama_context * ctx, llama_token_data_array * candidates, const llama_token * last_tokens, size_t last_tokens_size, float penalty);
/// @details Frequency and presence penalties described in OpenAI API https://platform.openai.com/docs/api-reference/parameter-details.
LLAMA_API void llama_sample_frequency_and_presence_penalties(struct llama_context * ctx, llama_token_data_array * candidates, const llama_token * last_tokens, size_t last_tokens_size, float alpha_frequency, float alpha_presence);
/// @details Sorts candidate tokens by their logits in descending order and calculate probabilities based on logits.
LLAMA_API void llama_sample_softmax(struct llama_context * ctx, llama_token_data_array * candidates);
/// @details Top-K sampling described in academic paper "The Curious Case of Neural Text Degeneration" https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.09751
LLAMA_API void llama_sample_top_k(struct llama_context * ctx, llama_token_data_array * candidates, int k, size_t min_keep);
/// @details Nucleus sampling described in academic paper "The Curious Case of Neural Text Degeneration" https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.09751
LLAMA_API void llama_sample_top_p(struct llama_context * ctx, llama_token_data_array * candidates, float p, size_t min_keep);
/// @details Tail Free Sampling described in https://www.trentonbricken.com/Tail-Free-Sampling/.
LLAMA_API void llama_sample_tail_free(struct llama_context * ctx, llama_token_data_array * candidates, float z, size_t min_keep);
/// @details Locally Typical Sampling implementation described in the paper https://arxiv.org/abs/2202.00666.
LLAMA_API void llama_sample_typical(struct llama_context * ctx, llama_token_data_array * candidates, float p, size_t min_keep);
LLAMA_API void llama_sample_temperature(struct llama_context * ctx, llama_token_data_array * candidates, float temp);
/// @details Mirostat 1.0 algorithm described in the paper https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.14966. Uses tokens instead of words.
/// @param candidates A vector of `llama_token_data` containing the candidate tokens, their probabilities (p), and log-odds (logit) for the current position in the generated text.
/// @param tau The target cross-entropy (or surprise) value you want to achieve for the generated text. A higher value corresponds to more surprising or less predictable text, while a lower value corresponds to less surprising or more predictable text.
/// @param eta The learning rate used to update `mu` based on the error between the target and observed surprisal of the sampled word. A larger learning rate will cause `mu` to be updated more quickly, while a smaller learning rate will result in slower updates.
/// @param m The number of tokens considered in the estimation of `s_hat`. This is an arbitrary value that is used to calculate `s_hat`, which in turn helps to calculate the value of `k`. In the paper, they use `m = 100`, but you can experiment with different values to see how it affects the performance of the algorithm.
/// @param mu Maximum cross-entropy. This value is initialized to be twice the target cross-entropy (`2 * tau`) and is updated in the algorithm based on the error between the target and observed surprisal.
LLAMA_API llama_token llama_sample_token_mirostat(struct llama_context * ctx, llama_token_data_array * candidates, float tau, float eta, int m, float * mu);
/// @details Mirostat 2.0 algorithm described in the paper https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.14966. Uses tokens instead of words.
/// @param candidates A vector of `llama_token_data` containing the candidate tokens, their probabilities (p), and log-odds (logit) for the current position in the generated text.
/// @param tau The target cross-entropy (or surprise) value you want to achieve for the generated text. A higher value corresponds to more surprising or less predictable text, while a lower value corresponds to less surprising or more predictable text.
/// @param eta The learning rate used to update `mu` based on the error between the target and observed surprisal of the sampled word. A larger learning rate will cause `mu` to be updated more quickly, while a smaller learning rate will result in slower updates.
/// @param mu Maximum cross-entropy. This value is initialized to be twice the target cross-entropy (`2 * tau`) and is updated in the algorithm based on the error between the target and observed surprisal.
LLAMA_API llama_token llama_sample_token_mirostat_v2(struct llama_context * ctx, llama_token_data_array * candidates, float tau, float eta, float * mu);
/// @details Selects the token with the highest probability.
LLAMA_API llama_token llama_sample_token_greedy(struct llama_context * ctx, llama_token_data_array * candidates);
/// @details Randomly selects a token from the candidates based on their probabilities.
LLAMA_API llama_token llama_sample_token(struct llama_context * ctx, llama_token_data_array * candidates);
// Performance information
LLAMA_API void llama_print_timings(struct llama_context * ctx);
LLAMA_API void llama_reset_timings(struct llama_context * ctx);
// Print system information
LLAMA_API const char * llama_print_system_info(void);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
// Internal API to be implemented by llama.cpp and used by tests/benchmarks only
#ifdef LLAMA_API_INTERNAL
#include <vector>
#include <string>
struct ggml_tensor;
std::vector<std::pair<std::string, struct ggml_tensor *>>& llama_internal_get_tensor_map(struct llama_context * ctx);
#endif
#endif // LLAMA_H